Water is a powerful force in human affairs. Survival on the sparsely populated Arizona Strip was dependent on the perennial water source at Pipe Spring. Kaibab Paiutes lives, hunted and farmed here for hundreds of years. Mormon pioneers settled on the spring in the mid 1800s and brought cattle to graze the luxuriant grasses of the Arizona Strip. Winsor Castle was built as a Mormon outpost and became a refuge to passing travelers. In 1923, Present Warren G. Harding signed the proclamation setting aside Pipe Spring National Monument.
